Electrical condenser



Nov. 13, 1928.

A. NYMAN ELECTRICAL CONDENSER Filed March 1 1926 N MW m 4 1 w d kJ/ m m 40 of the condenser Patented Nov. l3, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER NYHAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASIGNOR TO DUBILIER CONDENSER COR- rom-rion, or NEW 20111:, N. Y.,

A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

ELECTRICAL CONDENSER.

Application filed March 11, 1926. Serial m. 93,914.

My invention relates to improvements in electrical condensers, particularly electrical condensers having a fixed or constant capacity. 7 I

Among the objects of theinvention are to provide a condenser which 1s of simple construction and can be easily and cheaply manufactured which is strong and practical- 1y impervious to moisture; which is of accu- 10 rate capacity, and has a low power factor; and which is so made thatthe parts thereof can always be kept under pressure to the required degree and which is, therefore, 1n

. practice, as compact as possible, Other objects and advantages of this invention will be clear fromthe following description taken with the accom anyin drawings which illustrate the pre erred orm of my invention. But the disclosure is, of course,.illustrative only and I may vary the structure actually shown, without departing from the principle or exceeding the scope of the invention, to the full extent indicated by the broad and general meanings of the terms in which the appended claims are expressed.

On the drawing Figure 1 is a 'view showing how the'parts of the stack or body of the condenser are disposed with respect to one another when the stack is assembled;

Figure 2: is a perspective view of a member or section to be disposedon the outside of the condenser'and set to retain the parts in their assembled relation;

condenser;

Figure 4 is a side or edge View thereof, seen from the right of Figure 3; and v Figure 5 1s a plan view of the opposite face that is, the face which is the lower face in Figure I Onthe drawings, the same numerals identif; the same parts throughout. make the body or stack of he condenser out of sheets or elements of suitable insulating or dielectric material, such as mica -1, and sheets or elements of conductive material such as tin-foil 2 and 3. 'The'sheetsof foil 2 are of opposite polarity with respect to the sheets of foil 3 and they are, of course, ar-

ranged in alternation with the sheets-of mica between them, and a sheet of mica on both the top and bottom faces of the stack as usual. I have shown in F i re '1 a top plan of the 56 relative positions 0 the sheets of mica, and

ing onlytwosheets of foil 2 and two sheets of foil 3. As Figure 1 shows, the sheetsof Figure 3 is a plan view of one face of the the sheets of foil, and while asmany sheets of foil may be included as necessary to give the required capacity, the condenser illustrated in the drawings is indicated'as havfoil 2 are at right angles or transverse with respect to the sheets of foil 3, and two sets or groups of foils are arranged diagonally with respect to the sheets of mica 1. Specifically, the sheets of foil 2 extend from the upper left hand corner of the-mica sheets in Figure 1, to the lower right hand corner; while the sheets of foil 3 extend from the upper right hand corner across the mica sheets, and to the lower left hand corner thereof. The

ends of the sheets 2 and 3- project beyond the adjacent edges of the mica sheets 1 to facilitate uniting the elements 2 and 3 to the opposite terminals of an electric circuit. When this stack is assembled, it can be treated in any manner desired, as by pumping out the air between the mica sheets and the foils andhthen impregnating the stack with wax orsome other insulating material. The sheets of foil andmica in the stack are then secured together permanently in the requiredrelation by means of a pair of clamping members indicated at 4 and 4, one of these clamping members overlying and engaging one face of the stack and having por tions which are bent around opposite sides or edges and over and down upon the oppostack and are bent downinto en agement with the first face. shown in igures 3 and 4, the two sections 4 and 4 are arranged transversely of each other, so that if the section or clamp 4 grips the top and bottom edges of the condenser in Figure 3, and'engages the face which isthe lower face in that figure, the other'clamip 4' will overliethe up- 1 0 per face and it-will grip the two edges which 7 are the opposite side' edges of the condenser.

As shown in Figure 2, the clamping member 4 has portions 5 at each end which when the clamp is put upon oneface of thestack of the condenser, can be turned down tightly against the opposite face.- These port-ions orv flanges 5 areconnected by portions 6 to the r main part F of theclam 4 which has the form of a plate or web. T e clamp or section -ends 0 4- has corresponding parts indicated by the numerals 5, 6' and 7 and is shaped in every way similar to the clampl. This clamp 4 further is so shaped, that the parts 5 and uncovered areas adjacent diagonally opposite corners of the stack against which the portions or flanges 5 of the clamping section on the opposite face canbe pressed down into contact. For example, the clamp 4' on the upper face of'the condenser as shown in Figure 3 leaves uncovered portions adjacent the upper left hand corner and lower right hand corner for the flanges 5 of the clamp 4 upon the lower face, and similarly, there are uncovered portions onthe lower face of the stack against which the flanges 5 of the clamp 4 can be pressed. When the stack is engaged by both the clamps, and the flanges 5 are caused by pressure to grip the edges of the condenser to hold the clamp in place, the stack of the condenser is in effect covered or clad with the two clamping sections 4 and 4:, but the flanges 5 of each clamp are separated by an L-shaped space 8 from the sides of the web 7 of the other clamp on both faces of the condenser. Hence, if the projecting portions of the foils 3, for example, are turned over a ainst the outside of the stack and gripped y the flanges 5' of t e clamp 4:, and if the projecting the foils 2 are also turned over against the outside of the stack and gripped by the flanges 5 of the other clamp 4, then the clamp 4 will be connected to the elements 3 and the clamp 4 will be connected to the elements 2. As the two clamps can most advantageously be made of metal, it is only necessary to connect the two clamps to the opposite terminals of an electric circuitto unite the condenser tothe circuit in which it is to operate.

As shown in Figure 4, I may use covered plates of insulation, such as bakelite 9, on the two opposite faces of the stack of foils 2 and 3, and mica sheets 1. The two parts 6, 6 and 6, 6' of the" clamping sections have projections 10 which may be perforated to enable a wire to be joined to them. Hence, the condenser will have means at each'corner to enable'it to be joined in each circuit, and if a wire be fastened to any two adjacent projections 10, the two opposite terminals of the' condenser will thus be joined to the two poles of an electric circuit and the condenser can thus most easily be united in circuit by means of the projections or lugs at the corners. Each plate 7 and 7 of the two clamps may have a rib 11 to reenforce the clamp and make it stronger and stiffer. Y

A condenser so made can very easily be assembled and will give the required degree of pressure to hold the sheets of foil and mica in contact over substantially their whole area. At the same time, the covering clamps 4 and 4: impart great strength to the condenser and enable it to resist damage and the effects of rough handling. It is quite cheap to make; the capacity can be kept fixed and accurate; it gives a low power factor in practice; and the entrance of moisture in between the sheets of foil and mica, is effectively prevented. Likewise, the parts are very easy to assemble and the two clamps afford as much pressure as is required to make the finished condenser compact andto hold parts in the required positions.

It should be noted that there is no plane of symmetry about which the various parts of the condenser are arranged. The various parts are symmetrical with respect to'a centralpoint or with respect to a'line or axis perpendicular to the laminations in the stack and located at the center thereof. Looking at Fig. 3 and considering any given clamp, it

will be seen that the clamp extends in an anticlockwise direction along the respective side of the stack to the corner of the stack which it engages, or, considering the corners as starting points and again looking at Fig. 3,

the clamps all extend in a clockwise direction from theirrespective corners of the stack along the respective edges that the clamps embrace. superficially the pattern of the condenser bears a strong resemblance to the well known swastika design.

Having described my invention, whatl.

believe to be new and desire to secure and protect by Letters Patent of the United States is V 1. A condenser comprising elements of conductive material and elements of dielectric material separating said conductive elements, the latter bein in diagonal position with respect to the die ectric elements.

2. A condenser comprising conductive elements of opposite polarity in transverse position, and sheets of insulating material between said elements, the conductive elements bein diagonal with respect to said sheets ofinsu ating material.

3. A condenser comprising a stack containing conductive elements of opposite polarity, sheets of insulating material separatlng said conductive elements, the elements of one polarity projecting from the sides of the stack adjacent diagonally opposite corners and the elements of opposite polarity being arranged transversely of the firstnamed conductive elements, and having their ends projecting from the stack adjacent diag-- onally opposite corners; an clampin memone end extending beyond one side in one dibers for the opposite faces of the 'stac each rection, and the flange at the opposite end exof said members engaging the projecting ends tending beyond the opposite side of the clamp of the conductive elements of one polarity, in the opposite direction, together with pori whereby the condenser can be connected into tions connecting said flanges to the plate, 15

circuit through said clamps. each of said portions having a connector 4. A condenser comprising a stack of conlug or projection, said lugs extending in op ductive elements separated by insulation, and posite directions. a clamping member for the stack comprising In testimony whereof I afiix my signature. 10 a plate with flanges along the opposite ends to grip the edges of the stack, the flange at ALEXANDER NYMAN. 

